power management in embedded systems.

Power management in embedded systems involves techniques to reduce energy consumption and extend battery life. It includes:

1. **Power Modes**: Switching between active, sleep, and low-power states based on system activity.

2. **Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS)**: Adjusting voltage and clock speeds according to workload.

3. **Component Management**: Disabling or powering down unused peripherals and components.

4. **Efficient Design**: Using energy-efficient hardware and optimizing software for minimal power usage.

Effective power management ensures better performance, longer battery life, and reduced energy costs.