main goals of cryptography?

The main goals of cryptography are:

1. **Confidentiality**: Ensuring that information is accessible only to those authorized to see it. This is achieved by encrypting data so that only intended recipients can decrypt and read it.

2. **Integrity**: Verifying that information has not been altered during transmission or storage. Cryptographic techniques, like hashing, ensure that any unauthorized changes can be detected.

3. **Authentication**: Confirming the identity of the parties involved in communication. This ensures that the sender and receiver are who they claim to be, often using digital signatures or certificates.

4. **Non-Repudiation**: Ensuring that a party cannot deny the authenticity of their signature or message. This is achieved through mechanisms like digital signatures, which provide proof of the sender’s involvement.

These goals work together to protect data and communications from various threats and ensure secure interactions.