differences between denotation and connotation.

**Denotation** and **connotation** are two aspects of meaning in language that describe how words and expressions are understood.

1. **Denotation**:

   - **Definition**: The denotation of a word is its literal, dictionary definition—the explicit, primary meaning of the word.

   - **Example**: The denotation of "dog" is a domesticated carnivorous mammal (Canis familiaris), known for its loyalty and often kept as a pet.

2. **Connotation**:

   - **Definition**: The connotation of a word involves the additional, often subjective meanings, emotions, or associations that a word evokes beyond its literal definition.

   - **Example**: The connotation of "dog" might include ideas of companionship, loyalty, and friendliness, which are not part of its literal definition.

In summary, denotation is about the precise, factual meaning of a word, while connotation encompasses the broader, often emotional or cultural associations related to that word.