concept of tasks and scheduling in RTOS.

In an RTOS (Real-Time Operating System):

- **Tasks**: Independent units of work that the system needs to execute, each with its own priority and requirements. They represent processes or threads that perform specific functions.

- **Scheduling**: The method by which the RTOS manages the execution of tasks. It involves determining which task runs at a given time based on priority, deadlines, and other constraints. 

RTOS uses scheduling algorithms to ensure tasks meet real-time constraints, such as:

1. **Preemptive Scheduling**: Higher-priority tasks can interrupt lower-priority tasks.

2. **Round-Robin Scheduling**: Tasks are given equal time slices in a cyclic order.

3. **Rate Monotonic Scheduling**: Fixed-priority scheduling based on task periodicity. 

Effective scheduling ensures timely and predictable task execution in real-time systems.