components of an embedded system.

Components of an embedded system include:

1. **Microcontroller/Microprocessor**: The central processing unit that executes instructions and controls the system.

2. **Memory**: Includes ROM (for storing firmware) and RAM (for temporary data storage).

3. **Input/Output Interfaces**: For communication with external devices, such as sensors, displays, and buttons.

4. **Power Supply**: Provides the necessary power for the system to operate.

5. **Communication Modules**: For data exchange, such as UART, SPI, I2C, or wireless modules (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi).