What are long-running transactions

Long-running transactions are transactions that span an extended period of time, often involving multiple stages or interactions. These transactions are characterized by:

1. **Extended Duration:** They take longer to complete compared to typical transactions, which might last from minutes to hours or even days.

2. **Complexity:** Often involve multiple steps, interactions with various systems or users, and extensive data processing.

3. **State Management:** Require careful management of intermediate states and ensure that changes are consistent and recoverable throughout the transaction.

4. **Concurrency Control:** Must handle issues related to concurrency, such as data conflicts and locking, to maintain consistency across the extended duration.

5. **Compensating Actions:** May need compensating transactions or mechanisms to roll back changes if the transaction cannot be completed successfully.

Examples include large-scale data migrations, complex business processes, and multi-step workflows in enterprise applications.