Explain the use of DMA

DMA (Direct Memory Access) allows peripheral devices to directly transfer data to and from memory without involving the CPU. This improves system efficiency by:

1. **Reducing CPU Load**: Frees up the CPU from handling data transfers, allowing it to perform other tasks.

2. **Increasing Data Transfer Speed**: Enables faster and more efficient data movement compared to CPU-managed transfers.

3. **Enhancing System Performance**: Minimizes delays and latency in data handling, improving overall system responsiveness.

DMA is commonly used in high-speed data transfer applications like disk I/O, audio processing, and network communications.