Differentiate between a binary tree and a binary search tree (BST).

• A binary search tree (BST) is a special type of binary tree that maintains a specific ordering property: for any given node, all nodes in its left subtree have values less than the node’s value, and all nodes in its right subtree have values greater than the node’s value.
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Characteristics:

1. Ordering:

   
   

   • BST Property: For each node, the left child’s value is less than the node’s value, and the right child’s value is greater than the node’s value.
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2. Operations:

   
   

   • Search: Efficiently find a value by leveraging the ordering property.
   • Insertion: Insert a new value while maintaining the BST property.
   • Deletion: Remove a value and rearrange nodes to preserve the BST property.
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3. Traversal:

   • Similar to binary trees but with additional benefits due to the ordering:
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   • • In-Order Traversal: Yields values in ascending order for a BST.
     • Pre-Order and Post-Order Traversals: Maintain the same properties as in binary trees.

2. Applications:

   • Efficiently used for dynamic data structures where frequent insertions, deletions, and lookups are needed.
   • Used in implementing data structures like sets and maps, and algorithms like binary search.